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NOTE: I recently received a letter from an imam in North America who wrote to the publisher of my book One God One Message. In his letter he says that he has 鈥渞ead鈥 and reflect[ed] on the answers that the author tried to provide for questions frequently asked by Muslims.鈥 This is my response. I have changed the imam鈥檚 name to protect his identity. 鈥 P.D.B.
From: P. D. Bramsen To: Imam Najib January 22, 2010
Dear Najib,
Thank you for your comments regarding my book One God One Message. Your letter of December 23, 2009 was passed on to me two weeks ago. You have raised many of the classic questions I have been hearing from Muslim friends and acquaintances over the past three decades. I believe there are good answers for all your questions鈥攚hich is why I wrote One God One Message. As stated in the prologue:
I write because in recent years I have received more than a thousand e-mails from Muslims around the globe. Their thought-provoking comments and questions must not be ignored. I write out of empathy for those weary of religious leaders who offer little more than circular clich茅s such as, 鈥淭he Bible is true because it says so!鈥 or, 鈥淭he Qur鈥檃n is true because no one can write a book like it!鈥 I write because I am struck by the human heart鈥檚 inclination to believe anything but the consistent message of the one true God.
Najib, in your letter you wrote:
One God One Message by P.D. Bramsen鈥as sent to us a few months ago and I remember reading through it and reflecting on the answers that the author tried to provide for questions frequently asked by Muslims. As a student of comparative religions and someone who knows the whole Qur鈥檃n by heart and read the Bible in its entirety, the author鈥檚 arguments are shallow and deceptive. Any Muslim with a cursory knowledge of Islam and the Qur鈥檃n will be able to refute most of the arguments of Mr. Bramsen. For example his argument that the Qur鈥檃n doesn鈥檛 say that the Bible was corrupted. References to corruption of the Bible (both in words and interpretation) can be found in the Qur鈥檃n 2:75, 2:79, 3:78, 4:46, 5:13, and 5:41. The fact that the Bible is corrupted is also attested to by its hundreds (if not thousands) of internal contradictions, the fact that Catholics have 7 extra books in their Bible that the rest of Christendom do not have, as well as the discrepancies between different versions of the Bible. Another example, 1 John 5:7 (the only clear proof in the Bible that the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit are one), Mark 16:9-20, and many other verses are said in the footnote of several Bibles that they did NOT exist in ancient manuscripts and are in fact a later addition to the text. Is not that something?
Some of the questions the author failed to answer (every time Muslims ask these questions, they either get contradictory or no answer depending on which one of the 300 American Christian denominations you ask):
1. What is the Trinity? (it all started with the Council of Nicaea 325 AD) 2. Is Jesus the son of God literally or spiritually? 3. Did Jesus come to uphold or abolish the Mosaic laws? 4. Is the Bible the literal word of God or both God and man? 5. Which Gospel did Jesus use (Mark, Matthew, Luke, or John) in his teachings? 6. Is the Bible corrupted? 7. Why does the Catholic Bible have 7 extra books than other Bibles? 8. Why are there so many contradictions in the Bible? 9. Why do Christians give such importance to the teachings of Paul, not disciple? 10. When Jesus comes back what type of Christian will he be (a Catholic, a Baptist, a Mormon, etc.)?
The failure of Christian scholars and clergy to give intelligible answers to these questions鈥擨 believe鈥攊s what causes Christianity to decline in America just like it already declined in Europe.
------------------------------------End quote from your letter------------------------------------
Najib, as I read your letter, I felt a strange mixture of sadness and delight: Sadness鈥 because multitudes stumble over these classic obstacles that keep them from believing the Bible and its message; Delight鈥攂ecause your letter confirms that my book answers the common objections Muslims raise up against the Bible and its message.
Since all ten questions you have raised are answered in One God One Message, I will not give you a full answer for each question, but I will select excerpts from my book and point out where in the book you can find more complete answers. You have raised other questions on page 2 of your letter, which鈥攊f after you read this, and carefully reread the book鈥擨 will be glad to address if you still feel the need.
Now on to your ten questions:
1. What is the Trinity? (it all started with the Council of Nicaea 325 AD)
Since the term 鈥渢rinity鈥 is not found in the Bible, I have not used it in my book. But since the truth of God鈥檚 triune compound oneness is taught in both the Old and New Testaments, I do address this question in some detail, beginning in chapter 8. This theme is the primary focus of chapter 9. Chapters 17 and 22, along with several endnotes, also treat this subject with freshness, precision, and clarity. Here is one such endnote:
106 Many Old Testament verses affirm God鈥檚 complex oneness: Genesis 17:1-3; 18:1-33 God appeared to Abraham in bodily form. These were face-to-face encounters and not a dream or vision. Genesis 35:9-15; Exodus 3:1-6; 6:2-3; 24:9-11; 33:10-11. Compare Exodus 33:11 with 33:20. Moses spoke face-to-face with One of the Persons in the Godhead (the Son), but he was not allowed to see the face of the other Person in the Godhead (the Father). Complex? Yes. God is God. See John 1:1-18. Here are more Old Testament passages that cannot be rightly understood apart from the concept of God鈥檚 plural oneness: Psalm 2; Psalm 110:1 (compare Matthew 22:41-46); Proverbs 30:4; Isaiah 6:1-3 (compare John 12:41); Isaiah 26:3-4; Isaiah 40:3-11; Isaiah 43:10-11 (Isaiah 7:14; 9:6-7); Isaiah 48:16; Isaiah 63:1-14; Isaiah 49:1-7; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Daniel 7:13-14; Hosea 12:3-5; Micah 5:2; Malachi 3:1-2, etc.
Here is what a Muslim in the Middle East wrote about chapter 9: 鈥淲hat can I say? Whew! I鈥檓 impressed鈥 Your Christian friends must be very proud of you for how you have explained the Trinity! Don鈥檛 be discouraged if I failed to come out with the same conclusion as yours.鈥 While he may not have agreed with my explanation, at least he recognized the fact that my book addresses the subject of the Trinity.
As for the Council of Nicaea, many people (including Dan Brown, author of The DaVinci Code) would like people to believe that Jesus was not seen as the eternal Son of God until this Council took place, and that Constantine hijacked Jesus as mere mortal and turned him into a deity. In fact, what the Council of Nicaea did was simply to affirm what the Scriptures already clearly proclaimed and what all believers knew to be true: The eternal Son of God became the Son of Man; that 鈥渢he Word was God鈥 and that 鈥渢he Word became flesh and dwelt among us.鈥 (John 1:1,14)
Najib, on the second page of your letter you write: 鈥淸Jesus] never said, 鈥業鈥檓 God鈥 or 鈥榃orship Me.鈥欌 Did you notice what I wrote in chapter 17 (pp.184-185)?
Every so often, someone says to me: 鈥淪how me in the Bible where Jesus said, 鈥業 am God鈥!鈥 The religious leaders of Jesus鈥 day tried to coerce Him to make similar statements.
Jesus said, 鈥溾業 am the door. If anyone enters by Me, he will be saved鈥欌 the Jews surrounded Him and said to Him, 鈥楬ow long do You keep us in doubt? If You are the Christ, tell us plainly.鈥
Jesus answered them, 鈥業 told you, and you do not believe. The works that I do in My Father鈥檚 name, they bear witness of Me.鈥 I and My Father are one.鈥
Then the Jews took up stones again to stone Him.
Jesus answered them, 鈥楳any good works I have shown you from My Father. For which of those works do you stone Me?鈥
The Jews answered Him, saying, 鈥楩or a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy, and because You, being a Man, make Yourself God.鈥欌 (John 10:9, 24-25, 30-33)
Why did the religious crowd want to stone Him?
It was because Jesus had said, 鈥淚 and My Father are one.鈥 In their thinking, Jesus鈥 claim of oneness with God was blasphemy. Nonetheless, these same Jews regularly declared their faith in God by saying, 鈥淎donai Eloheynu Adonai echad,鈥 meaning: 鈥淭he Lord our God, the Lord is one [a plural oneness].鈥 Jesus was declaring Himself to be the Son of God who has always been one with God.168 That is why the Jews accused Him of blasphemy.
Jesus never flaunted His eternal existence as the Word and Son of God. He did not go around saying, 鈥淚 am God! I am God!鈥 Instead, He lived on earth as He intends for all of mankind to live鈥攊n perfect humility and willing submission to God.
Jesus is the only Person who could say: 鈥淚 have come down from heaven, not to do My own will, but the will of Him who sent Me.鈥 (John 6:38) The glory of Jesus鈥 life was that He, the exalted Son of God, had humbled Himself to become the Son of Man.
The Lord Jesus chose to communicate who He was in humble yet powerful ways.
Once, a wealthy young man came to Jesus and addressed Him with the title 鈥淕ood Teacher.鈥 So Jesus asked the man, 鈥淲hy do you call Me good? No one is good but One, that is, God.鈥 (Luke 18:19)169 This rich man did not believe Jesus was God, but Jesus鈥攖he personification of divine goodness鈥攚as inviting him to put the pieces of the puzzle together and understand who He is.
He wants us to understand too.170
As for the 鈥淲orship Me鈥 issue, see pages 182-183:
Jesus consistently taught that God alone is worthy to be the Object of our worship. That is why Jesus said, 鈥淵ou shall worship the LORD your God, and Him only you shall serve.鈥 (Matthew 4:10) Yet the Gospel records no fewer than ten occasions when people bowed down before Jesus and worshiped Him.
One day, 鈥渁 leper came and worshiped Him,165 saying, 鈥楲ord, if You are willing, You can make me clean.鈥 Then Jesus put out His hand and touched him, saying, 鈥業 am willing; be cleansed.鈥 Immediately his leprosy was cleansed.鈥 (Matthew 8:2-3) Did Jesus scold the leper for worshiping Him?
No, He simply touched him and cured him.
After Jesus rose from the dead, a disciple named Thomas fell down before Him and said, 鈥淢y Lord and my God!鈥 Did Jesus rebuke him for blasphemy?
No, Jesus simply said, 鈥淭homas, because you have seen Me, you have believed. Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed.鈥 (John 20:28-29)
What does this teach us about who Jesus is?
2. Is Jesus the son of God literally or spiritually?
This question is systematically answered in chapters 9, 17, and 22. Here is one excerpt from chapter 9 (pages 98-99):
In Senegal, people sometimes react to the term 鈥淪on of God鈥 by muttering, 鈥淎staghferullah!鈥 This Arabic formula carries the idea: 鈥淢ay God forgive you for uttering such blasphemy!鈥 (Blasphemy can be defined as 鈥渕ockery of God.鈥) On occasion, I have responded to their rebuke by quoting one of their own proverbs: 鈥淏efore you slap the shepherd on the mouth, you should find out what he is whistling about.鈥 They laugh and then I tell them, 鈥淏efore you reject the expression 鈥楽on of God,鈥 you should find out what God has said about it.鈥
The Scriptures contain more than a hundred verses that directly refer to God鈥檚 鈥淪on,鈥 yet none of these verses imply 鈥渕ore than one God,鈥 nor do they suggest that God 鈥渢ook a wife and had a son,鈥 as some choose to interpret the term. Such thinking is not only blasphemous; it also reveals a shallow grasp of the Scriptures.108
God invites us to think His thoughts.
鈥淎s the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways, and My thoughts than your thoughts.鈥 (Isaiah 55:9)
Many years ago a well-known Senegalese businessman was killed in an automobile accident. Senegal鈥檚 national newspaper reported that this man鈥檚 two thousand employees were 鈥渓ike his own children,鈥 and eulogized him as 鈥渁 great son of Senegal.鈥109 Did these words imply that the country of Senegal had relations with a woman and engendered a son? Of course not! The Senegalese people have no problem honoring a well-loved citizen with this title. They understand what the expression 鈥渟on of Senegal鈥 means. They also know what it does not mean.
The term 鈥渟on鈥 is used in a number of ways. When the Qur鈥檃n and Arabs refer to a wayfaring traveler as a 鈥渟on of the road鈥 (ibn al-sabil [Sura 2:177, 215]), we know what they mean. When Almighty God refers to His Word as His Son, we should know what He means too.
Let us not mock the titles and terms our Creator magnifies.
鈥淕od, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power鈥.鈥 (Hebrews 1:1-3)
God wants us to know that He has 鈥渟poken to us by His Son.鈥 He also wants us to understand that His Son is the Word by which all things in heaven and earth were created and are sustained. In Arabic translations of the Bible, the Son鈥檚 title as 鈥渢he Word of God鈥 is translated 鈥淜alimat Allah,鈥 a title both the Bible and Qur鈥檃n ascribe to the Messiah. Later in our journey, we鈥檒l take a closer look at this.
3. Did Jesus come to uphold or abolish the Mosaic laws?
Understanding the answer to this great question provides a key to understanding the Bible. I allude to the answer in chapter 2:
It was for good reason the Messiah said, 鈥淒o not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets [the Old Testament]. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill.鈥 (Matthew 5:17)
There is no contradiction between the Old and New Testaments. Like a seed that germinates and grows into a mature tree, God鈥檚 age-old plan for mankind takes root in the Old Testament and grows to maturity in the New Testament. Every section of God鈥檚 Book points to the message He wants us to understand.
The lady who wrote the e-mail is correct in her belief that no 鈥渨ords from God can be edited and rewritten for newer times.鈥 What she has failed to recognize is that 鈥渨ords from God鈥 can and will be fulfilled.
It is in chapter 19 that 鈥淭he Big Picture鈥 begins to emerge with clarity. Here is an excerpt from chapter 23 (pp. 241-242):
Then, to those who had come to arrest Him, Jesus said, 鈥淗ave you come out, as against a robber, with swords and clubs to take Me? I sat daily with you, teaching in the temple, and you did not seize Me.鈥
And the Scripture adds this commentary:
鈥淏ut all this was done that the Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled.
Then all the disciples forsook Him and fled.
And those who had laid hold of Him led Him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled.鈥 (Matthew 26:55-57)
Why did the One who controlled the wind and the waves allow Himself to be arrested, bound, and led away?
He did it out of love and obedience to His Father.
He did it to save you and me from everlasting judgment.
He did it 鈥渢hat the Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled.鈥
Hundreds of years earlier, the prophet Isaiah had written, 鈥淗e was led as a lamb to the slaughter.鈥 (Isaiah 53:7)
The prophet Abraham had declared, 鈥淕od will provide for Himself the lamb for a burnt offering.鈥 (Genesis 22:8)
And the prophet Moses had written, 鈥淭he priest shall take one male lamb and offer it鈥 Then he shall kill the lamb in the place where he kills the sin offering.鈥 (Leviticus 14:12-13)
Don鈥檛 miss the irony.
The priests, responsible for killing and burning lambs on the bronze altar of the temple, were the very ones who had arrested Jesus in order to have Him killed. Yet they had no clue they were about to sacrifice The Lamb of whom all the prophets had written.
Here鈥檚 one more quote showing how Jesus fulfilled the sacrificial laws that God confirmed to Moses (page 251):
Down through the centuries, blood had flowed from millions of blemish-free, sacrificed animals. But now Jesus鈥 own blood had flowed from His sin-free body. The infinitely 鈥減recious blood of Christ鈥 would not just temporarily cover sin; it would forever remove it from the record.
This is what God鈥檚 first covenant had foretold.
鈥溾楤ehold, the days are coming,鈥 says the LORD, 鈥榳hen I will make a new covenant. ... I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.鈥欌 (Jeremiah 31:31, 34)
The New Testament Scriptures then explain: 鈥淚n that He says, 鈥楢 new covenant,鈥 He has made the first obsolete.鈥 (Hebrews 8:13) No more sin offerings would be needed. Animal sacrifices on an altar had been abolished by the Messiah鈥檚 death on a cross.
4. Is the Bible the literal word of god or both God and man?
I understand your fourth question as having to do with how God transmitted His truth to mankind. Such questions are dealt with from a variety of angles beginning in chapter 1 and concluding in chapter 30. Here is a quote from chapter 2 (p. 22):
Some justify their dismissal of the Scriptures by saying, 鈥淚f the Bible were inspired by God it wouldn鈥檛 include revolting stories of people committing adultery, incest, genocide, treachery, idolatry and the like.鈥 According to their concept of inspiration and revelation, God鈥檚 Book should be essentially limited to direct quotes from God.
However, since the Scriptures are intended to introduce people to their Creator within the framework of history, should it come as a surprise that the Bible records not only the words and works of God, but also the sins and shortcomings of humanity? Does God not have the right to reveal His glory, purity, justice, mercy, and faithfulness against the dark backdrop of?mankind鈥檚 failure? Dare we dictate to the Almighty how He should or should not reveal Himself and His message?
鈥淵ou turn things upside down, as if the potter were thought to be like the clay! Shall what is formed say to him who formed it, 鈥楬e did not make me鈥? Can the pot say of the potter, 鈥楬e knows nothing鈥?鈥 (Isaiah 29:16 NIV)
And here鈥檚 an excerpt from chapter 6:
In all, God used about forty men over more than fifteen centuries to record His revelation for mankind. Even though most of these witnesses never knew each other, all they wrote fits together to form the ultimate story and message.
Who, but the One unfettered by the span of a lifetime, could have transmitted such a consistent narrative?
鈥淧rophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.鈥 (2 Peter 1:21 NIV)
5. Which Gospel did Jesus use (Mark, Matthew, Luke, or John) in his teachings?
I鈥檝e never heard this common objection worded quite like this (since the gospel record was written and distributed after Jesus returned to heaven)! What I hear from other Muslims is: 鈥淲here is the true gospel? Why does the Bible have a Gospel according to Matthew, a Gospel according to Mark, a Gospel according to Luke, and a Gospel according to John?鈥
As I point out in chapter 6, from the time of Moses, God instituted this legal principle: 鈥淏y the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established.鈥 (Deuteronomy 19:15) In a world of liars, more than one witness is needed to substantiate the truth of a testimony. To reassure you and me that the gospel record is true, God chose four men to write the Messiah鈥檚 biography, 鈥渟o that you may know the certainty of the things you have been taught.鈥 (Luke 1:4) Just as a table is more stable with four legs than with one, so a testimony is more reliable when affirmed by four eyewitnesses instead of just one. Here is an excerpt from chapter 6 (p.62):
In the New Testament, the origin, life, words, works, death, and resurrection of the Messiah are recorded by four men: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. These four men wrote the Gospel record (called the Injil in Arabic), thus providing the world with four separate testimonies. God also inspired Peter (a fisherman), James and Jude (Jesus鈥 half brothers), and Paul (a scholar and former terrorist) to explain in glorious detail God鈥檚 present and ultimate purposes for His people. The apostle John wrote the final book of the Bible which graphically foretells how world history, as we know it, will conclude.
6. Is the Bible corrupted?
Najib, as you know, this is a huge concern for Muslims worldwide鈥攚hich is why I dedicated an entire chapter to it: Chapter 3. Here鈥檚 an excerpt:
Here I would like to speak directly to my respected Muslim reader.
As you probably know, the Qur鈥檃n clearly declares that the biblical Scriptures鈥攖he Torah (Tawret), Psalms (Zabur) and Gospel (Injil)鈥攚ere given by God for 鈥済uidance and light.鈥 (Sura 5:44-51) It also states, 鈥淭o you [Muhammad] We [Allah] sent the Scripture [Qur鈥檃n] in truth, confirming the Scripture [Bible] that came before it, and guarding it in safety.鈥 (Sura 5:48) And, 鈥淭he Messengers We sent were but men, to whom We granted inspiration: if you do not realize this, ask of those who possess the Message [the Bible].鈥 (Sura 21:7) The Qur鈥檃n also warns: 鈥淭hose who reject the Book and the revelations with which We sent our messengers鈥n the Fire they shall be burned.鈥 (Sura 40:70-72)
The Qur鈥檃n repeatedly declares that the books of the Bible were inspired by God and that those who reject them will be sent to hell. That is what the Qur鈥檃n says.37
Such Qur鈥檃nic declarations create a serious dilemma for Muslims everywhere, because the Bible and the Qur鈥檃n present two radically different messages regarding the character of God and His plan for mankind.
It is for this reason most Muslims have concluded that the Scriptures of the Bible have been corrupted. The following questions have helped many think through that conclusion.
QUESTIONS MOSTLY FOR MUSLIMS
路 Do you think God is able to protect His own Scriptures?
路 If so, do you think He is willing to protect them?
路 If you believe that the Scriptures of the prophets have been corrupted:
o When were they corrupted?
o Where were they corrupted?
o Who corrupted them? If you think Christians or Jews altered the Scriptures, why do you think they would have tampered with the sacred books which many of them willingly died for to preserve?38
o What evidence can you present?
o Why might the Almighty have allowed finite men to corrupt His written record and revelation for mankind?
路 If God would allow humans to corrupt the books of prophets like Moses and David, how do you know that the book you trust hasn鈥檛 suffered the same indignity?
The purpose here is not to overwhelm anyone with questions, but since this 鈥渃orruption charge鈥 is believed by so many and is of eternal consequence, here is one more:
路 Do you think the Bible Scriptures were tampered with before or after?the Qur鈥檃n was delivered?
Before you read on, take a moment to work out your response to this before-or-after question. You may even want to write out your answer before continuing.
BEFORE?
If your response is that the biblical texts were corrupted before the Qur鈥檃n was written鈥攖hen why does the Qur鈥檃n declare those Scriptures as 鈥済uidance鈥 for mankind and not deception, as 鈥渓ight鈥 and not darkness? Why does the Qur鈥檃n say, 鈥淟et the people of the Gospel judge by what Allah has revealed therein鈥? (Sura 5:46-47) And why does it declare: 鈥淣o change can there be in the words of Allah鈥? (Sura 10:64)
If the Scriptures of the Bible were considered unreliable, why did the Qur鈥檃n command: 鈥淚f you are in doubt as to what We have revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you鈥? (Sura 10:94 Shakir39), and 鈥測ou bring the Law [Torah] and study it, if you be men of truth鈥? (Sura 3:93)
While some were accused of 鈥渄istort[ing] the Book with their tongues鈥 (Sura 3:78), the Scriptures themselves were considered uncorrupted and intact.
AFTER?
On the other hand, if your response is that the biblical texts were corrupted after the Qur鈥檃n was written鈥攖hen it must be pointed out that Bibles in circulation today are translated from ancient manuscripts which predate the Qur鈥檃n by many centuries.
By the time the Qur鈥檃n was first recited, the Scriptures had already been distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa, and had been translated into many languages such as Latin, Syriac, Coptic, Gothic, Ethiopic, and Armenian.40
Think about this. How could a group of men have inserted corruption into books of such celebrity鈥攂ooks translated into so many languages, copied by the hundreds of thousands, and rapidly distributed throughout the known world? Imagine endeavoring to collect all the original-language copies as well as the countless translations鈥攁nd then attempting to change each to create the uniformity we find in these translations today. It would be an impossible task.
The conclusion is clear:
o To claim that the Bible was corrupted before the Qur鈥檃n was written is to contradict dozens of Qur鈥檃nic verses.41
o To claim that the Bible was corrupted after the Qur鈥檃n was written is to contradict the historical and archaeological evidence supported by thousands of ancient manuscripts.
This conclusion raises a new set of questions.
From where did these thousands of biblical manuscripts and translations come?
Where are the original writings?
You will find a wealth of information in chapter 3 regarding manuscripts, versions, questionable verses, etc. And don鈥檛 forget the endnotes. As one reader commented, 鈥淭he endnotes alone are worth the price of the book.鈥 Here are a few samples:
44 Here is an example of apparent variants found in ancient manuscripts. In the Old Testament book of Second Kings, we read: 鈥淛ehoiachin was eighteen years old when he became king.鈥 (2 Kings 24:8) Meanwhile, the book of Second Chronicles states: 鈥淛ehoiachin was eight years old when he became king.鈥 (2 Chronicles 36:9) How can such differences be explained? Some scholars suggest that it was at the age of 8 that young Jehoiachin鈥檚 father took him into partnership in the government, and that he began to reign at 18 following the death of his father, which is possible. However, a more likely explanation is that this numerical variation is simply the result of an early-century scribe penning 鈥8鈥 instead of 鈥18.鈥 If this were the case, that wrong number would be transcribed into all the manuscripts which 鈥渄escended鈥 from that scribe鈥檚 copy. Whatever the case, such variations do not affect or alter God鈥檚 message to us in any way. In most cases, the sheer volume of ancient Bible manuscripts allows scholars to determine the correct rendering by comparing the various texts.
45 The Hadith records: 鈥淯thman then ordered Zaid bin Thabit, 鈥楢bdullah bin Az-Zubair, Sa鈥檌d bin Al-鈥楢s and 鈥楢bdur Rahman bin Hari-bin Hisham to rewrite the manuscripts in perfect copies鈥 They did so, and when they had written many copies, 鈥楿thman returned the original manuscripts to Hafsa. 鈥楿thman sent to every Muslim province one copy of what they had copied, and ordered that all the other Qur鈥檃nic materials whether written in fragmentary manuscripts or whole copies, be burnt.鈥 (Hadith, Sahih Bukhari, VI, No. 510) (The Hadith [鈥淪ayings鈥漖 are ancient writings by Muhammad鈥檚 wives and acquaintances. Muslims base many beliefs and practices on the Hadith.)
49 The New Testament Scriptures are translated from a few primary Greek texts (Majority Text, Textus Receptus, Alexandrian Text). The NKJV translates the New Testament from the Majority Text, while the NIV translates from the Alexandrian Text. Where 鈥渟ignificant鈥 variations occur between Greek New Testament texts, most Bible translations include a note in the margin indicating those variations. The lengthiest passages in question are Mark 16:9-20 and John 7:53鈥8:11, each 12 verses in length. While these passages are absent in a few of the oldest surviving manuscripts (Alexandrian Text), they are found in the hundreds of others (Majority Text). Keep in mind that older does not necessarily mean more accurate, since the various texts descended from different ancient copies. It is most likely that a distracted copyist omitted these selections by accident. Whatever the case, all truths taught in these omitted passages are also taught elsewhere in Scripture. God鈥檚 message remains unaffected. Is it wise to reject God鈥檚 message because a few ancient copies are missing a few sections鈥攕ections which in no way change God鈥檚 message?
50 In recent times, books have been published and movies produced which are calculated to cast doubt on the Bible. Some Bible critics point to contradictory, 鈥渁lternative gospels.鈥 All such 鈥済ospels鈥 were written long after the time of Messiah and lack historical corroboration.
7. Why does the Catholic Bible have 7 extra books than other Bibles?
92 The Bible contains 66 individual books鈥39 in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament. Later in history, the Roman Catholic Church (which, like many Protestant churches, elevates their church traditions above the Word of God) decided to include 11 additional books between the Old and New Testaments. These books, known as the Apocrypha (or Deutercanonical books), were written primarily in the era between the Old and New Testaments. While they contain interesting historical and legendary material, Hebrew believers never accepted them as inspired Scripture. Many of the Dead Sea Scrolls discovered in 1947 are commentaries, which comment only on the 39 Old Testament books and not on the Apocrypha. When the Messiah was on earth, He frequently quoted from the Old Testament, but never from the Apocryphal books. The Apocrypha is never quoted in the New Testament. The 39 books contained in the Old Testament were written by prophets to whom God spoke directly and to whom He confirmed His word, 鈥渂earing witness both with signs and wonders, with various miracles, and gifts of the Holy Spirit.鈥 (Hebrews 2:4) As for the New Testament, believers who lived in the time following Christ鈥檚 visit to earth accepted the apostles鈥 authority and New Testament Scriptures as equal to the Old Testament prophets and Scriptures. This could not be said of the Apocrypha.
8. Why are there so many contradictions in the Bible?
This is probably the favorite attack-question of those who have decided the Bible and its demands are not for them. This allegation is confronted throughout the book. Here are a couple of excerpts from chapter 2 (Pages 15-16):
In secularized Western and European nations, many declare the Bible to be little more than a collection of stirring myths and beautiful sayings invented by men. Most hold this opinion without ever having objectively investigated the Scriptures.
In Sir Arthur Conan Doyle鈥檚 fictional classic, The Celebrated Cases of Sherlock Holmes, the detective鈥檚 colleague, Dr. Watson, questions Holmes about a specific criminal case:
鈥淲hat do you deduce from it?鈥
鈥淚 have no data yet,鈥 Holmes replies. 鈥淚t is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts.鈥18
Many people commit this 鈥渃apital mistake鈥 with the Scriptures. They draw their conclusions without sufficient data and twist facts to suit theories that won鈥檛 disturb their worldview and lifestyle.
Pages 23-25:
Many insist that the Bible is full of contradictions, yet few take time to study it objectively. Is it fair to condemn the Scriptures based on what someone else says about them? Can any book be understood by merely reading a phrase here and there? Should a great book be read only to find a typographical error or an inconsistency in its text? Hopefully not. Yet that is how many people read the Bible.
Years ago, I received an e-mail with a long list of supposed errors and contradictions in the Bible which the correspondent had copied from some website.
Here is an excerpt:
Your Bible contradicts itself. For example:
鈥 On the first day, God created light, then separated light and darkness (Genesis 1:3-5). The sun, which separates night and day, wasn鈥檛 created until the fourth day. (Genesis 1:14-19)
鈥 Adam was to die the very day that he ate the forbidden fruit (Genesis 2:17). Adam lived 930 years (Genesis 5:5).
鈥 Jesus does not judge (John 3:17; 8:15; 12:47). Jesus does judge (John 5:22,27-30; 9:39; Acts 10:42; 2 Cor. 5:10).
鈥 Etcetera.
Now I would like to ask you a question: Does your religion allow me to ask questions and use my brain before accepting it or does it ask me to close my eyes and stop my brain from producing questions? Because I am asking myself if it is possible that God could have done so many errors in His Book and I naturally answer NO!? [sic]
Yes, the same God who says, 鈥淐ome now, and let us reason together鈥 (Isaiah 1:18), wants me 鈥渢o ask questions and use my brain.鈥 God invites each of us to reflect on His Word for ourselves. Copying and pasting someone else鈥檚 list of 鈥渃ontradictions鈥 will not do. Solomon said, 鈥淭he simple believes every word, but the prudent considers well his steps.鈥 (Proverbs 14:15)
The solutions to the correspondent鈥檚 鈥渃ontradictions鈥 will be resolved as we think our way through the Scriptures.30 For now, however, perhaps we can all agree on this: Life is too short and eternity too long to not do our own honest research.
If you have ever eaten a delicious, juicy mango, you know that trying to describe its flavor to someone is not enough. It must be tasted. Likewise, accepting what someone else says to you about God鈥檚 Word is not good enough. You must taste it for yourself.
鈥淥h, taste and see that the LORD is good!鈥 (Psalm 34:8)
It is in a person鈥檚 own eternal interest to be a careful student of the Scriptures鈥攐ne 鈥渨ho does not need to be ashamed and who correctly handles the word of truth.鈥 (2 Timothy 2:15 NIV) Not paying attention to the context (the entire section in which an alleged contradiction is found) is not the correct way to handle the Word of Truth.
To illustrate, there are biblical statements commanding us not to judge, while others command us to judge. 31 Are these Scriptures contradictory? No, they are complementary. On the one hand, God鈥檚 Book tells me, as a creature limited in knowledge, not to judge (condemn) another person鈥檚 motives or actions from a self-righteous, fault-finding spirit. On the other hand, I am commanded to judge (discern) right from wrong and to differentiate truth from error based on what the Scriptures say.
So what about the supposed contradictions in the Bible?
I have personally found satisfying solutions for all such 鈥渃ontradictions.鈥 I have also discovered that until people want to understand the Scriptures, they will find a new 鈥渃ontradiction鈥 as quickly as their old one is cleared up.32
Do you want to understand God鈥檚 message? Then don鈥檛 go to God鈥檚 Book looking for your idea; go searching for His. Study the Bible book by book. Don鈥檛 try too hard to interpret what you read. Let it interpret itself. The Scriptures, written by many prophets over many centuries, are their own best commentary.33
鈥淗e reveals deep and secret things; He knows what is in the darkness, and light dwells with Him.鈥 (Daniel 2:22)
And endnote #32:
32 Several websites continue to post a long list of 鈥101 Clear Contradictions in the Bible,鈥 even though, for many years now, another article has been posted called: 鈥101 Cleared-up 鈥楥ontradictions鈥 in the Bible.鈥 www.debate.org.uk/topics/apolog/contrads.htm
33 Two rules for correctly interpreting any verse in the Bible:
1) Read the surrounding context.
2) Compare Scripture with Scripture.
To illustrate, in Deuteronomy (5th book in the Bible), Moses spoke this prophecy to the children of Israel: 鈥淭he LORD your God will raise up for you a Prophet like me from your midst, from your brethren. Him you shall hear....鈥 (Deuteronomy 18:15) What did Moses mean when he said to the Israelites that God would raise up a Prophet 鈥渇rom your midst, from your brethren鈥? Some say Moses was talking about the Ishmaelites; others say the Israelites. The surrounding context provides the correct answer (e.g., Deuteronomy 17:15,20; 18:2,5, etc.). Who was this special 鈥淧rophet鈥 God promised to 鈥渞aise up鈥? While many try to make this prophecy fit the founder of their particular religion, the correct interpretation is clearly stated later on in the Scriptures. Read John 5:43-47, John 6:14, and Acts 3:22-26.
9. Why do Christians give such importance to the teachings of Paul, not disciple?
I have faced this objection on many occasions. In fact, it is because of a Muslim鈥檚 distain for the great apostle Paul that I chose to use the pen name P. D. Bramsen instead of Paul D. Bramsen. While I love both my name and the apostle Paul鈥檚 writings, I decided it might be unwise to give the reader a strike against me before he or she gets past the front cover! What鈥檚 more, attentive students will notice that One God One Message uses relatively few quotes from the writings of the apostle Paul since the gospel truths of which he wrote were previously proclaimed by the prophets (e.g. Isaiah 50-53, etc.) and by the Messiah Himself (e.g. John 3; Luke 24, etc.). In this way, my book quietly disproves the notion that Paul preached a different message from Moses or David or Isaiah or Jesus. Here鈥檚 an excerpt from chapter 6:
Over the centuries, many have tried to discredit the New Testament writers and their message. The writings of the apostle Paul are especially attacked.
The apostle Peter exhorts us to take Paul鈥檚 writings seriously: 鈥淧aul also wrote you with the wisdom that God gave him.鈥 His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.鈥 (2 Peter 3:15-16 NIV)
Everything the apostle Paul wrote is in harmony with what the prophets wrote. As Paul himself testified, 鈥淗aving obtained help from God, to this day I stand, witnessing both to small and great, saying no other things than those which the prophets and Moses said would come ... Do you believe the prophets?鈥 (Acts 26:22,27)
10. When Jesus comes back what type of Christian will he be (a Catholic, a Baptist, a Mormon, etc.)?
A careful reader will discover that One God One Message provides clear answers to this question and other questions related to it. Oh, by the way, I hope you understand that Jesus is not a Christian; He is the Christ鈥攖he Messiah鈥攖o whom all the prophets pointed. Also, to learn about Jesus鈥 return to earth, read chapters 29 and 30. Meanwhile, here鈥檚 an excerpt from chapter 28 (pp.306-307):
The original Greek word for church is ekklesia, meaning simply: 鈥渁ssembly鈥 or 鈥渃alled-out ones.鈥 Today the word 鈥渃hurch鈥 is riddled with erroneous concepts and innumerable denominations. Many who call themselves Christians openly dishonor the name of Christ by the way they live. Many have religion, but they do not have a genuine relationship with God. They have never been cleansed from their sins through faith in Jesus鈥 blood.
The good news is that God invites all people everywhere to trust in His Son, become His special new creation, and be adopted into the family of believers that will spend eternity with Him.
All those who believed God鈥檚 promises before Jesus came (in Old Testament times) are a part of God鈥檚 family, but only those who have believed since Jesus came are a part of the living organism known as 鈥渢he church.鈥 The church is also called 鈥渢he body of Christ鈥 and 鈥渢he bride.鈥244 To all who trust in the Lord Jesus Christ, the Scripture says:
鈥淵ou are鈥 His own special people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light; who once were not a people but are now the people of God鈥.鈥 (1 Peter 2:9-10)
Najib, after you have taken time to mull over this letter and reread the book, I would appreciate you letting me know if you still feel that the answers provided in One God One Message are 鈥渟hallow and deceptive.鈥
Thanks again for taking time to write.
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