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Muhammad and the Muslims from Uraynah
MUHAMMAD AND THE MUSLIMS FROM URAYNAH
ABSTRACT
During the year 628 A.D., eight men from the clan of Uraynah, came to Medina.
They became Muslims. While there they got sick. Muhammad prescribed a
medicine for them: he told them to drink camel milk and camel urine. After
the men got better, they brutally murdered the shepherd of the camels, stole
the camels, and tried to escape. Muhammad sent an armed party of 20 men after
them. They were caught and brought back to Medina. There, Muhammad
pronounced their judgment: their eyes were branded with hot irons, then
plucked out, their hands and feet were cut off, and then, while still alive,
they were thrown out on the hot desert to die.
INTRODUCTION
By this time, Muhammad had climbed to the top of power in Medina. Men from
different areas would often come to Medina for various reasons, some of them
would convert to Islam and submit to Muhammad. One of the more strange and
questionable events that took place at this time was Muhammad's prescription
of camel urine as medicine, and then the apostasy and punishment of the men
who had come from Uraynah to Medina.
These men were not used to the climate in Medina, and they got sick.
Muhammad told them to go and drink camel milk and urine as a medicine.
Afterwards, when they felt better, they decided to steal the camels. In doing
so, they brutally murdered the shepherd of the camels.
As the ruler of the Muslims in Medina, Muhammad felt he needed to take action
against the men from Uraynah. He sent out a posse, who promptly captured the
Uraynians, and brought them back to Medina. Obviously, they had to pay for
their crimes. There Muhammad pronounce a cruel judgment against them.
PRESENTATION OF ISLAMIC SOURCES
I present four different respected Islamic sources for this event.
FROM THE HISTORY OF TABARI, VOLUME 8, pages 97, 98 (1)
According to Muhammad b. Umar [al-Waqidi]: "In this year a raiding
party led by Kurz b. Jabir al-Fihri set out against the members of
the Banu Uraynah who had killed the herdsman of the Messenger of
God and driven off camels in Shawwal of the year 6. The Messenger
of God sent Kurz with twenty horsemen."
FROM THE HADITH OF SAHIH BUKHARI (2)
Volume 1, #234
Narrated Abu Qilaba:
Anas said, "Some people of 'Ukl or 'Uraina tribe came to Medina
and its climate did not suit them. So the Prophet ordered them
to go to the herd of (Milch) camels and to drink their milk and
urine (as a medicine). So they went as directed and after they
became healthy, they killed the shepherd of the Prophet and drove
away all the camels. The news reached the Prophet early in the
morning and he sent (men) in their pursuit and they were captured
and brought at noon. He then ordered to cut their hands and
feet (and it was done), and their eyes were branded with heated
pieces of iron. They were put in 'Al-Harra' and when they asked
for water, no water was given to them." Abu Qilaba said,
"Those people committed theft and murder, became infidels after
embracing Islam and fought against Allah and His Apostle."
Bukhari Volume 2, #577
Narrated Anas:
Some people from 'Uraina tribe came to Medina and its climate
did not suit them, so Allah's Apostle allowed them to go to
the herd of camels (given as Zakat) and they drank their milk
and urine (as medicine) but they killed the shepherd and drove
away all the camels. So Allah's Apostle sent (men) in their
pursuit to catch them, and they were brought, and he had their
hands and feet cut, and their eyes were branded with heated
pieces of iron and they were left in the Harra (a stony place
at Medina) biting the stones.
Essentially the same hadith is found in Bukhari
5.505,
7.623,
and 8.797.
FROM THE SIRAT RASUL ALLAH (THE LIFE OF THE PROPHET OF GOD), BY IBN ISHAQ (3)
pages 677, 678
"A traditionalist told me from one who had told him from
Muhammad b. Talha from Uthman v. Abdul-Rahman that in the
raid of Muharib and B. Thalaba the apostle had captured
a slave called Yasar, and he put him in charge of his
milch-camels to shepherd them in the neighborhood of al-Jamma.
Some men of Qays of Kubba of Bajila came to the apostle
suffering from an epidemic and enlarged spleens, and the
apostle told them that if they went to the milch camels and
drank their milk and their urine they would recover, so off
they went. When they recovered their health and their bellies
contracted to their normal size they fell upon the apostle's
shepherds Yasar and killed him and stuck thorns in his eyes
and drove away his camels. The apostle sent Kurz b. Jabir in
pursuit and he overtook them and brought them to the apostle
as he returned from the raid of Dhu Qarad. He cut off their
hands and feet and gouged out their eyes."
FROM THE KITAB AL TABAQAT AL KABIR (BOOK OF THE MAJOR CLASSES), Volume 2,
BY IBN SA'D, pages 114, 115 (4)
Then (occurred) the sariyyah of Kurz Ibn Jabir al-Fihri towards
al-Uraniyin in Shawwal of the sixth year from the hijrah of the
Apostle of Allah. They (narrators) said: A party of the Uraynah
numbering eight came to the Apostle of Allah and embraced Islam
but the climate of al-Medina did not suit them. Thereupon the
Apostle of Allah ordered them to live with his milch-camels
which used to graze at Dhu al-Jadr in the vicinity of Quba close
to Ayr at a distance of six miles from al-Medina. They remained
there till they recuperated and became fat. One morning they
made a raid on the milch camels and drove them away. Yasar the
mawla of the Apostle of Allah, with a party confronted them.
He fought with them. They cut his hands and feet and pricked
thorns in his tongue and eyes. Consequently he died. The news
of his incident reached the Apostle of Allah. He sent twenty
horsemen to pursue them and appointed Kurz Ibn al-Fihri their
leader. They reached there, and surrounded them. They captured
them, tied them, and seating them on their horses they brought
them to al-Medina. The Apostle of Allah, was at al-Ghabah.
They set out with them towards him and met him at al-Zaghabah,
the place where flood water came from all directions. He gave
orders and their hands and feet were amputated, their eyes were
extracted. They were crucified. Then the verse was revealed
to the Apostle of Allah:
"The only reward of those who make war upon Allah and His Messenger
and strive after corruption in the land".
After that he did not extract eyes of anyone.
The milch-camels were fifteen in number which yielded much milk.
They brought them back to al-Medina. The Apostle of Allah found
one of the camels called al-Hinna missing. He inquired about it
and was told that they had slaughtered it."
DISCUSSION
Two strange things stand out in this event:
- #1)
- Muhammad, the self appointed prophet of God told Muslims to
drink camel urine as medicine.
- #2)
- Muhammad had the criminals brutally tortured before they died
a slow death in the heat of the desert.
In dealing with point #1, I've done some investigation into this.
I've asked some medical professionals about urine having any medicinal
properties. All of them said that urine is a waste product, not a
medicine.
Urine does contain urea, which is an organic compound. It can be used
as a fertilizer, just as dung can be used. But urea is basically excess
nitrogen being expelled by the body of humans or other animals. It has
no medicinal properties. (5)
Notice that the Sirat Rasul Allah says that the Uraynians had
"enlarged spleens". I've read about the spleen. It is an organ
that filters useless substances from the blood. It also helps the
body fight infection. However, I see no help given to the spleen
in drinking urine, which is a waste product to begin with. And,
one can surmise the cleanliness levels of the Arabs in that time.
I doubt if sanitary conditions were all that excellent. If anything,
they were drinking in germs. (6)
I have been told that using camel urine was a cultural thing for the
Arabs. Perhaps, but you certainly don't read about it much in their
literature. I am willing to accept that Muhammad believed that it had
medicinal properties, true or false. History is full of various people
groups using elements as "medicines" only to find out later that there
were no medicinal properties in the elements they used. Muhammad's
sincere belief that it was medicine does not make it a medicine.
In dealing with point #2, I have to comment that this is an extraordinary
act of brutality on Muhammad's part. I believe that the criminals needed
to be punished, and I have no problem with putting them to death. But
I do have a problem with torturing them. Let's review what was done to
these men after they were captured and brought to Muhammad.
- 1)
- Their hands and feet were cut off.
- 2)
- Their eyes were seared with hot irons then gouged out.
- 3)
- They were thrown upon the hot, black rocks of the Harra desert.
There they began to suffer the effects of dehydration. They
begged for water, but none was given to them. In their pain and
agony the men bit at the rocks.
Personally, I don't have sympathy for the criminals. I have no problem
with the death penalty for their crime. But it amazes me that a man who
claimed to be from God would treat other humans in this fashion. You
can sense the bitter hate, the driving need for revenge in Muhammad's
heart as he had them tortured in this way. Somehow, I don't see God in
this. I see dark spiritual forces at work, driving Muhammad to do this.
QUESTIONS
- 1)
- What happened to the "prophethood" of the prophet? After all, he was
supposed to be in contact with Allah. Did Allah want the Muslims to be
misled into believe that camel urine is medicine? Remember, Muslims are to
follow his lifestyle today. Do they also believe that camel urine is a
medicine? Do Islamic pharmacies prescribe camel urine? Why was he
prescribing urine as a medicine?
- 2)
- Was it necessary for Muhammad to torture the criminals the way he
did? What would the Muslims of today say if the Israelis were to
torture Islamic terrorists in the same way? What would the Muslims
today say if the Serbs were to torture Bosnian Muslims in the same
way? What would the world say? What does your heart say?
- 3)
- If Muslims today condemn the atrocities that the Serbs or other
perpetrate upon their fellow Muslims, then shouldn't they condemn the
actions of Muhammad himself? What's good for the goose is good for the
gander. If Muslims today justify Muhammad's actions upon his enemies,
then they have no right to complain about many (not all) of the
suffering inflicted upon fellow Muslims by their enemies.
- 4)
- If Muhammad were allowed by God to do this to the criminals, and
Muslims are commanded to follow Muhammad's lifestyle, then what does
this say about real Islamic society? It strikes me as in-humane.
CONCLUSION
Muhammad was no real prophet of God. He was a man bent on doing his
own thing. When angered, he took a brutal revenge upon those who crossed
him. His prescription of camel urine shows that he adhered to superstitious
folklore as guidance. His treatment of the criminals shows that he was
driven by dark in-humane forces.
Concerning those who would not be allowed into paradise, Jesus said,
"Outside are the dogs, those who practice magic arts, the sexually immoral,
the murderers, the idolaters and everyone who loves and practices falsehood."
Revelation 22:15.
Jesus healed the sick, He didn't prescribe superstitious beliefs as medicine.
Jesus taught God's justice, but He didn't teach in-humane torture.
REFERENCES
- (1)
- "The History of Tabari", volume 8 - "The Victory of Islam",
published by SUNY, translated by Michael Fishbein.
- (2)
- "Sahih Al-Bukhari", (Traditions of Bukhari), translated by Dr.
Muhsin Khan, published by Kitab Bhavan, New Delhi
- (3)
- "The Life of Muhammad", a translation of Ibn Ishaq's
"Sirat Rasul Allah" (The Life of the Prophet of God) by A. Guillaume.
This book is the best biography of Muhammad available.
- (4)
- "Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir", (Book of the Major Classes),
by Ibn Sa'd. Translated by Moinul Haq, published by the Pakistan
Historical Society
- (5)
- The World Book Encyclopedia, under "Urea".
- (6)
- The World Book Encyclopedia, under "Spleen".