What Jesus Taught Us
Jesus did not teach high theology or
deep philosophy. He spoke to the people as
they were able to understand:
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"He told them many
things in parables, saying:
‘A farmer went out to sow his seed. As he was
scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came
and ate it up.
Some fell on rocky places,
where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the
soil was shallow. But when the sun came up, the plants were
scorched, and they withered because they had no root.
Other seed fell among
thorns, which grew up and choked the plants.
Still other seed fell on
good soil, where it produced a crop - a hundred, sixty or thirty
times what was sown. He who has ears, let him
hear…
Listen then to what the
parable of the sower means: When anyone hears the message about the
kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches
away what was sown in his heart. This is the seed sown along the
path. What was sown on rocky places is the man who hears the word
and at once receives it with joy. But since he has no root, he
lasts only a short time. When trouble or persecution comes because
of the word, he quickly falls away. What was sown among the thorns
is the man who hears the word, but worries of this life and the
deceitfulness of wealth choke it, making it unfruitful. But what
was sown on good soil is the man who hears the word and understands
it. He produces a crop, yielding a hundred, sixty or thirty times
what was sown’."
—Matthew 13:3-9, 18-23
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God criticized the unwillingness of
the hearers to respond. So Jesus warned:
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"You will be ever hearing
but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never
perceiving. For this people's heart has become calloused; they
hardly hear with their ears, and they have closed their eyes.
Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears,
understand with their hearts and turn, and I would heal
them."
—Matthew 13:14-15
"Therefore consider carefully how you
listen."
—Luke 8:18
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Also in a parable Jesus explained
another important truth:
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"A man had a fig-tree
planted in his vineyard, and he went to look for fruit on it, but
did not find any. So he said to the man who took care of the
vineyard, ‘For three years now I've been coming to look for fruit
on this fig-tree and haven't found any. Cut it down! Why should it
use up the soil?’ ‘Sir’, the man replied, ‘leave it alone for one
more year, and I'll dig round it and fertilize it. If it bears
fruit next year, fine! If not, then cut it down’."
—Luke 13:6-8
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In another parable Jesus
explains:
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"I am the true vine, and my
Father is the gardener. He cuts off every branch in me that bears
no fruit, while every branch that does bear fruit he prunes so that
it will be even more fruitful. You are already clean because of the
word I have spoken to you. Remain in me, and I will remain in you.
No branch can bear fruit by itself; it must remain in the vine.
Neither can you bear fruit unless you remain in
me.
I am the vine, you are the
branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much
fruit; apart from me you can do nothing. If anyone does not remain
in me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers; such
branches are picked up, thrown into the fire and burned. If you
remain in me and my words remain in you, ask whatever you wish, and
it will be given you. This is to my Father's glory that you bear
much fruit, showing yourselves to be my
disciples.
As the Father has loved me,
so have I loved you. Now remain in my love. If you obey my
commands, you will remain in my love, just as I have obeyed my
Father’s commands
and remain in his love. I have told you this so that my joy may be
in you and that your joy may be complete. My commandment is this:
Love each other as I have loved you.
Greater love has no one than
this, that he lay down his life for his friends. You are my friends
if you do what I command. I no longer call you servants, because a
servant does not know his master's business. Instead, I have called
you friends, for everything that I learned from my Father I have
made known to you. You did not choose me, but I chose you and
appointed you to go and bear fruit - fruit that will last. Then the
Father will give you whatever you ask in my name. This is my
command: Love each other."
—John 15:1-8
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None of us could honestly claim to
bring such fruit by our own effort. Elsewhere in the Bible we are
instructed that this fruit consists of love, joy, peace, patience,
kindness, goodness, faith, gentleness and self-control (Galatians
5:23). Who does not want to bear such fruit?
Another parable shows a different
facet of the same topic:
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"Jesus continued:
‘There was a man who had
two sons. The younger one said to his father, ‘Father, give me my
half of the estate’. So he divided his property between them. Not
long after that, the younger son got together all he had, set off
for a distant country and there squandered his wealth in wild
living. After he had spent everything, there was a severe famine in
that whole country, and he began to be in need. So he went and
hired himself out to a citizen of that country, who sent him to his
fields to feed pigs. He longed to fill his stomach with the pods
that the pigs were eating, but no one gave him anything.
When he came to his senses,
he said: ‘How many of my father's hired men have food to spare, and
here I am starving to death! I will set out and go back to my
father and say to him: ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and
against you. I am no longer worthy to be called your son; make me
like one of your hired men’. So he got up and went to his father.
But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and was
filled with compassion for him; he ran to his son, threw his arms
around him and kissed him. The son said to him: ‘Father, I have
sinned against heaven and against you. I am no longer worthy to be
called your son’. But the father said to his servant: ‘Quick! Bring
the best robe and put it on him. Put a ring on his finger and
sandals on his feet. Bring the fattened calf and kill it. Let's
have a feast and celebrate. For this son of mine was dead and is
alive again; he was lost and is found’. So they began to
celebrate.’"
—Luke 15:11-24
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We need "to come to our senses", as
the wayward son did. He did not attempt to compensate for his
wrongdoing by offering a repayment, which he could not produce
anyway. His father did not expect it either. He simply wanted to go
home - and he went. The "best robe" is symbolic for the covering of
his filth, the ring for his acceptance again as son into the family
and the sandals to show he was now a free man again, for slaves
were to walk barefoot. The principle is the same as taught in yet
another parable:
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"Two men owed money to a
certain money-lender. One owed him five hundred Denarii, and the
other fifty. Neither of them had the money to pay back, so he
cancelled the debts of both. Now which of them will love him
more?"
—Luke 7:41-42
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Forgiveness is a gift of God to those
who sincerely seek it and ask for it. Stories illustrating the
compassion of God are repeated again and again:
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"Then Jesus told them this
parable: ‘Suppose one of
you has a hundred sheep and loses one of them. Does he not leave
the ninety-nine in the open country and go after the lost sheep
until he finds it? And when he finds it, he joyfully puts it on his
shoulder and goes home. Then he calls his friends and neighbours
together and says, ‘Rejoice with me; I have found my lost sheep’. I
tell you that in the same way there is more rejoicing in heaven
over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons
who do not need to repent."
—Luke 15:3-7
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I suppose most of us never saw God in
this light. We think in terms of compensating God for the sins we
committed. But what He wants is our heart. Remember, neither of the
men who "owed" could repay. A sin, once committed, can never be
undone. It is a colossal misunderstanding or misjudgment of God's
holiness. Our sin results in a vast unbridgeable gulf between God
and us. We are totally and utterly dependent on what God does for
us! Let us look at a last parable of Jesus to hear what he has so
say about this point:
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"Two men went up to the
temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector. The
Pharisee stood up and prayed about himself: ‘God, I thank you that
I am not like all other men—robbers, evil-doers, adulterers—or
even like this tax collector. I fast twice a week and give a tenth
of all I get’. But the tax collector stood at a distance. He would
not even look up to heaven, but beat his breast and said: ‘God,
have mercy on me, a sinner’. I tell you that this man, rather than
the other, went home justified before God. For everyone who exalts
himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be
exalted."
—Luke 18:10-14
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A Pharisee was a highly respected
religious leader in the contemporary society. He did indeed stick
to a rigorous, self-disciplined life-style in an effort never to
break one of God's Laws. But in his self-deceit he gloried in his
achievements, his fasting, giving etc., thinking that he would by
that effort be acceptable to God.
But Jesus explained:
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"When you have done
everything you were told to do, you should say: ‘We are unworthy
servants; we have only done our duty’."
—Luke 17:10
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Jesus indicated that there is no
merit in doing right or good. It is our duty to do. God’s
standard is the norm. Therefore, forgiveness for failure is always
due to God's grace. It is an undeserved act of His
compassion:
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"He said to them:
‘You are the ones who justify yourselves in the eyes of men,
but God knows your hearts. What is highly valued among men is
detestable in God's sight’."
—Luke 16:15
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When Jesus was once asked about the
most important commandment, he answered:
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"Love the Lord your God with
all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This
is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it:
Love your neighbour as yourself. All the Law and the Prophets hang
on these two commandments."
—Matthew 22:37-40
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The military application of the word
‘obedience’ is mellowed and changes its meaning, when something is
done out of love!
While Jesus taught to love and fear
the Lord God, he also told us not to fear what men can say and do
to us:
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"Do not be afraid of those
who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather, be afraid of
the one who can destroy both soul and body in hell."
—Matthew 10:28
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It is when we trust in what he says,
when we lovingly serve him with all our hearts, that we honour
him:
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"The Father himself loves
you because you have loved me and have believed that I came from
God."
—John 16:27
"Whoever serves me must
follow me; and where I am, my servant also will be. My Father will
honour the one who serves me."
—John 12:26
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Faith in God is in fact linked to
faith in Jesus. There is really no difference:
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"When a man believes in me,
he does not believe in me only, but in the one who sent me. When he
looks at me, he sees the one who sent me. I have come into the
world as a light, so that on-one who believes in me should stay in
darkness."
—John 12:44-46
"For God so loved the world
that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him
shall not perish but have eternal life. For God did not send his
Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world
through him."
—John 3:16-17
"For my Father's will is
that everyone who looks to the Son and believes in him shall have
eternal life, and I raise him up at the last day."
—John 6:40
"Do not work for food that
spoils, but for food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of
Man will give you. On him God the Father has placed his seal of
approval."
—John 16:27
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Every decision we make has
consequences. A decision to follow Jesus
certainly has consequences. We might be ridiculed or even
persecuted:
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"...men will hate you
because of me, but he who stands firm to the end will be
saved."
—Matthew 10:22
"No servant is greater than
his master. If they persecute me, they will persecute you
also."
—John 15:20
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But Jesus comforts us:
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"Blessed are you when people
insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against
you because of me. Rejoice and be glad, because great is your
reward in heaven."
—Matthew 5:11-12
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Jesus wants us to love, respect and
honour him more than anybody or anything else:
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"Anyone who loves his father
or mother more than me is not worthy of me; anyone who loves his
son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me."
—Matthew 10:37
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As God’s children (He is our
Father!), and because we need one another’s support in our
walk with God, Jesus said:
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"A new commandment I give
you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one
another."
—John 13:34
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He also left us a test, to enable us
to assess ourselves:
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"Whoever has my commands and
obeys them, he is the one who loves me. He who loves me will be
loved by my Father, and I too will love him and show myself to
him."
—John 14:21
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We are obedient, because we trust and
love him. Obedience is not a tool to merit forgiveness and
Paradise.
God’s Kingdom is of a different kind and
greatness is measured by different values:
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"You know that the rulers of
the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise
authority over them. Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to
become great among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to
be first must be your slave."
—Matthew 20:25-27
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Likewise outward religious rules are
exposed and corrected by Jesus:
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"Again Jesus called the crowd to him
and said: ‘Listen to me, everyone, and
understand this. Nothing outside a man can make him unclean by
going into him. Rather, it is what comes out of man that makes him
unclean’. ‘Are you so dull?’,
he asked. ‘Don't you see that nothing
that enters a man from the outside can make him unclean? For it
doesn't go into his heart but into his stomach, and then out of his
body’. (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods clean). He went
on: ‘What comes out of a man is what makes him unclean. For from
within, out of men's hearts, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality,
theft, murder, adultery, greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy,
slander, arrogance and folly. All these things come from inside and
make a man unclean’."
—Mark 7:14-15, 18-23
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That is why Jesus scolded the
religious leaders:
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"Woe to you, teachers of the
Law ... you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish,
but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence!"
—Matthew 23:25-26
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Religious practices concern
themselves mostly with outward dietary and cleansing rituals. In
stark contrast to this Jesus taught:
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"Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see
God."
—Matthew 5:8
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Jesus addresses a number of issues
regarding human relationships and our relationship with God. His
words stir our minds and hearts:
About truthfulness he
said:
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"You have heard that it was
said to the people long ago, ‘Do not break your oath, but keep the
oaths you have made to the Lord’. But I tell you, ‘Do not swear at
all’. Simply let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes’ and your ‘No’ be ‘No’;
anything beyond this comes from the evil one."
—Matthew 5:33-34, 37
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About loving other people Jesus sets
yet another standard than we would normally have:
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"You have heard that it was
said: ‘Love your neighbour and hate your enemy’. But I tell you,
Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you
may be sons of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on
the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the
unrighteous. If you love those who love you, what reward will you
get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that? And if you greet
only your brothers, what are you doing more than others? Do not
even pagans do that? Be perfect therefore, as your heavenly Father
is perfect."
—Matthew 5:43-48
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Jesus cautions us about piety and
prayer:
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"Be careful not to do your
‘acts of righteousness’ before men, to be seen by them. If you do,
you will have no reward from your Father in heaven. So when you
give to the needy, do not announce it with trumpets, as the
hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be honoured
by men. I tell you the truth, they have received their reward in
full. But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand
know what you right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in
secret. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will
reward you.
When you pray, do not be
like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the
synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by man. I tell you
the truth, they have received their reward in full.
When you pray, go into your
room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then
your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward
you.
And when you pray, do not
keep on babbling like pagans for they think they will be heard
because of their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father
knows what you need before you ask him. This is how you should
pray:
‘Our Father in heaven,
hallowed be your name, your kingdom come, your will be done on
earth as it is in heaven. Give us today our daily bread. Forgive us
our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And lead us not
into temptation, but deliver us from the evil
one’. For if you forgive men when their sin
against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive
you."
—Matthew 6:1-15
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Jesus also emphasizes the
relationship between forgiveness and prayer:
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"And when you stand praying,
if you hold anything against anyone, forgive him, so that your
Father in heaven may forgive you your sins."
—Mark 11:25
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Jesus taught about our dependence on God
– and God’s willingness to respond:
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"Ask and it will be given to
you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to
you. For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks finds; and to him
who knocks, the door will be opened.
Who of you, if his son asks
for bread, will give him a stone? Or if he asks for a fish, will
give him a snake? If you, then, though you are evil, know how to
give good gifts to your children, how much more will our Father in
heaven give good gifts to those who ask
him!"
—Matthew 7:7-11
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About fasting Jesus warned:
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"When you fast, do not look
somber
(i.e. don’t show it)
as the hypocrites do, for they
disfigure their faces to show men they are fasting. I tell you the
truth, they have received their reward in full. But when you fast,
put oil on your head and wash your face, so that it will not be
obvious to men that you are fasting, but only to your Father, who
is unseen; and your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will
reward you. Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth,
where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal.
But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and
rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal.
For where your treasure is, there you heart will be
also."
—Matthew 6:16-21
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The real value of goods, our attitude
to them, and our responsibility regarding them Jesus also
clarified:
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"Then he said to them:
‘Watch out! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed; a man's
life does not consist in the abundance of his
possessions.’"
—Luke 17:15
"Whoever can be trusted with
very little can also be trusted with much, and whoever is dishonest
with very little will also be dishonest with much. So if you have
not been trustworthy in handling worldly wealth, who will trust you
with true riches? And if you have not been trustworthy with someone
else's property who will give you property on your own? No servant
can serve two masters. Either he will hate the one and love the
other, or he will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You
cannot serve both God and money."
—Luke 16:10-13
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The tempation to be anxious and
worried is part of our life. Jesus shows us a better way to deal
with them:
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"Therefore I tell you, do
not worry about your life, what you will eat or drink; or about
your body, what you will wear. Is not life more important than
food, and the body more important than clothes? Look at the birds
of the air; they do not sow or reap or store away in barns, and yet
your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not much more valuable
than they? Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to his
life? And why do you worry about clothes? See how the lilies of the
field grow. They do not labour or spin. Yet I tell you that not
even Solomon in all his splendour was dressed like one of these. If
that is how God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today
and tomorrow is thrown into the fire, will he not much more clothe
you, O you of little faith?
So do not worry, saying,
‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we
wear?’ For the pagans run after all these things, and your heavenly
Father knows that you need them. But seek first his kingdom and his
righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well.
Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry
about itself."
—Matthew 6:25-34
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Our life is made up of many choices.
Jesus tells us that one choice is exceeds all others:
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"Enter through the
narrow gate. For wide is the gate and broad is the road that leads
to destruction, and many enter through it. But small is the gate
and narrow the road that leads to life, and only a few find
it."
—Matthew 7:7-14
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Do we find hypocrisy in religion? We
all know that it abounds. Therefore Jesus said:
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"Not everyone who says to
me, ‘Lord, Lord’, will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only he who
does the will of my Father, who is in heaven. Many will say to me on
that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and in
your name drive out demons and perform many miracles?’ Then I will
tell them plainly ‘I never knew you. Away from me, you evildoers!
Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into
practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock. The
rain came down, the streams rose and the wind blew and beat against
that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on
the rock. But everyone who hears these words of mine and does not
put them into practice is like a foolish man who built his house on
the sand. The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and
beat against that house, and it fell with a great
crash."
—Matthew 7:21-27
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Problem number one in the world is
that of broken relationships, and in particular the broken
relationship with God. Jesus, according to his own statements, came
primarily to reconcile us with God. But He also came to heal broken
human relationships. Very particularly he addressed partners in
marriage regarding unfaithfulness:
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"You have heard that it was
said, ‘Do not commit adultery’. But I tell you that anyone who
looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her
in his heart."
—Matthew 5:27-28
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To describe the severity of sin,
which causes broken relationships, Jesus uses a very drastic
metaphor:
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"If your right eye causes
you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to
lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown
into hell. And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and
throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body
than for your whole body to go into hell."
—Matthew 5:29-30
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Divorce is an issue that Jesus
addressed quite emphatically:
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"Haven't you read that at
the beginning the Creator made them male and female. For this
reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his
wife, and the two will become one flesh? So they are no longer two,
but one. Therefore what God has joined together, let man not
separate."
—Matthew 19:4-6
"It has been said, ‘Anyone
who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce’. But
I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for marital
unfaithfulness, causes her to commit adultery, and anyone who
marries a woman so divorced commits adultery."
—Matthew 6:31-32
"And the man who marries a
divorced woman commits adultery."
—Luke 16:18
"Moses permitted you to
divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not
this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces
his wife, except for marital unfaithfulness, and marries another
woman commits adultery."
—Matthew 19:8-9
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Jesus wants us to forgive each other.
This is, in fact, a prerequisite to receive forgiveness from God.
In a model prayer Jesus taught us to pray:
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"Forgive us our debts, as we
also have forgiven our debtors."
—Matthew 6:12
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He also said:
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"If your brother sins,
rebuke him, and if he repents, forgive him. If he sins against you
seven times in a day, and seven times comes back to you and says,
‘I repent’, forgive him."
—Luke 17:3-4
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When one of Jesus' disciples asked
him, how many times he should forgive his brother, mentioning:
"Seven times?", Jesus answered:
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"I tell you, not seven times, but seventy
times seven."
—Matthew 18:22
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By his deeds Jesus confirmed his
words. A touching example is recorded of this. We have to tell the
whole story, not just the words spoken by Jesus, to transmit his
spirit of forgiveness:
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"Jesus went to the Mount of
Olives. At dawn he appeared again in the temple courts, where all
the people gathered around him, and he sat down to teach them. The
teachers of the law and the Pharisees brought in a woman caught in
adultery. They made her stand before the group and said to Jesus,
‘Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery. In the Law
Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say?’. They
were using this question as a trap, in order to have a basis for
accusing him.
But Jesus bent down and started to
write on the ground with his finger. When they kept on questioning
him, he straightened up and said to them,
‘If any one of you is without sin,
let him be the first to throw the stone at
her’.
Again he stooped down and wrote on the
ground. At this, those who heard began to go away one at a time,
the older ones first, until only Jesus was left, with the woman
still standing there. Jesus straightened up and asked her,
‘Woman, where are they? Has no-one condemned you?’
‘No-one, sir’, she said.
‘Then neither do I condemn you’,
Jesus declared.
‘Go now and leave your life of sin’."
—John 8:1-11
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We all know that God hates sin. But
did we also recognize Jesus’ compassion for sinners, as this
story demonstrates? It is matchless. He is in fact waiting for all
of us to come to him to plead for forgiveness. Once we have
received it our love and appreciation for him will not make it
difficult for us to turn away from
sin.
Obedience and commitment do not lead
to bondage, but rather to true freedom:
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"If you hold to my teaching,
you are really my disciples. Then you will know the truth, and the
truth will set you free."
—John 8:21-32
"I tell you the truth, everyone who
(keeps on doing)
sins is a slave to sin."
—John 8:34
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Jesus spoke of the supernatural
element in believing and following him:
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"I tell you the truth,
unless a man is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of
God."
—John 3:3
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Continuing, Jesus added that no one
can enter the Kingdom of God without such an experience. This
illustrates that as natural life begins with the natural birth, so
spiritual life begins with a spiritual birth. It starts when we are
"set free" or "born a new". We are set free after God has forgiven
our sin and by that cleansed us from it. Then the bondage is
broken, our guilt is removed and the "new life" i.e. the working of
God’s Spirit in us in us causes a constant renewing of our
minds (Romans 12:2). This soon makes us hate sin, love
righteousness and follow the one who set us free, Jesus - the
Messiah. It all begins with the decision to accept God’s gift
- his pardon. The result is always the desire to know more about
God. That happens when we let God speak to us through His Word and
live in close union with our heavenly Father.
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