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Quran Versions and Corruptions
Observation regarding the Qur'an translation
by Yusuf Ali
In Surah 5:73 we read
| Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
| They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of
three; when there is no Allah save the One Allah. If they
desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those
of them who disbelieve. |
They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity:
for there is no god except One Allah. If they desist not from
their word (of blasphemy), verily a grievous penalty will
befall the blasphemers among them. |
Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely Allah is the third
(person) of the three; and there is no god but the one Allah,
and if they desist not from what they say, a painful chastisement
shall befall those among them who disbelieve. |
A similar observation can be made in in Surah 4:171:
| Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
| O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your
religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah,
Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which
He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and
His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! -
Allah is only One Allah. ... |
O People of the Book! Commit no excesses in your religion:
Nor say of Allah aught but the truth. Christ Jesus the son of Mary
was (no more than) a messenger of Allah, and His Word, which He
bestowed on Mary, and a spirit proceeding from Him: so believe in
Allah and His messengers. Say not "Trinity" : desist: it will be
better for you: for Allah is one Allah: ... |
O followers of the Book! do not exceed the limits in your
religion, and do not speak (lies) against Allah, but (speak) the truth;
the Messiah, Isa son of Marium is only a messenger of Allah and His
Word which He communicated to Marium and a spirit from Him; believe
therefore in Allah and His messengers, and say not, Three. Desist,
it is better for you; Allah is only one.... |
Can you see the phrase "in a Trinity" in Yusuf Ali's translation
of Surah 5:73? It is not in the Arabic text, neither did he put
it in parentheses in his translation to indicate the interpolation.
Neither is the word for "trinity" found in 4:171.
This is a anti-Christian propaganda translation. In the
Qur'an, the verse is directed against polytheism, particularly
tritheism, but this version is produced and distributed to
indoctrinate Muslims against the Trinity through this
deliberate mistranslation. By this way they hope Muslims will
not even consider learning about the Trinity, "since Allah has
already rejected it".
The Arabic word for the "Holy Trinity" is "al-thaaluuth al-aqdas",
pronounced ath-thaaluuth al-aqdas.
Yusuf Ali's translation, indeed, is a translation "in view of
Christians and Westerners": sometimes sharpening polemics against
the Christian creed (see above) and sometimes softening issues
which could be embarrassing in a Western environment.
The above passage is to be read in Arabic:
"wa-laa taqooloo thalaathatun"
(Surah an-Nisa' 4:171)
And this certainly has to be translated as:
"And don't say three!"
The word "thalaathatun" is the usual cardinal number "three"
referring to three things at least one which is of masculine
gender. Remember that the Qur'an has the view that the Christian
Trinity consists of God (Father), Jesus and Mary.
A similar phrase is in Surah al-Maa'ida 5:73
"alladhina qaaloo inna llaaha thaalithu thalaathatin"
"those who speak: look, God is the third of three"
where we have the ordinal number "thaalithu" "the third" together
with the cardinal number "thalaathat" "three".
There is no idea that "thalaathat" "three" would also have the
specific meaning of a trinity or even the Holy Trinity.
Seemingly with same motivation as above we find regarding
the validity of the earlier scriptures various distorted
translations.
Surah 5:44 and 5:46 are presented as:
|
Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
| 5:44 |
Lo! We did reveal the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, by which the prophets who surrendered (unto Allah) judged the Jews, and the rabbis and the priests (judged) by such of Allah's Scripture as they were bidden to observe, and thereunto were they witnesses. So fear not mankind, but fear Me. And My revelations for a little gain. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers. |
It was We who revealed the law (to Moses): therein was guidance and light. By its standard have been judged the Jews, by the prophets who bowed (as in Islam) to Allah's will, by the rabbis and the doctors of law: for to them was entrusted the protection of Allah's book, and they were witnesses thereto: therefore fear not men, but fear me, and sell not my signs for a miserable price. If any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) Unbelievers. |
Surely We revealed the Taurat in which was guidance and light; with it the prophets who submitted themselves (to Allah) judged (matters) for those who were Jews, and the masters of Divine knowledge and the doctors, because they were required to guard (part) of the Book of Allah, and they were witnesses thereof; therefore fear not the people and fear Me, and do not take a small price for My communications; and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the unbelievers. |
| 5:46 |
And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their footsteps,
confirming that which was (revealed) before him in the Torah, and We
bestowed on him the Gospel wherein is guidance and a light, confirming
that which was (revealed) before it in the Torah - a guidance and
an admonition unto those who ward off (evil). |
And in their footsteps We sent Jesus the son of Mary,
confirming the Law that had come before him: We sent him the Gospel:
therein was guidance and light, and confirmation of the Law that had
come before him: a guidance and an admonition to those who fear Allah. |
And We sent after them in their footsteps Isa, son of Marium,
verifying what was before him of the Taurat and We gave him the Injeel
in which was guidance and light, and verifying what was before it of
Taurat and a guidance and an admonition for those who guard (against
evil). |
What is wrong in the above? This time only Pickthall has it right.
... the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, ...
... the Gospel wherein is guidance and a light, ...
In the Arabic there is no indication of past tense. Yusuf Ali
makes this to be past tense, so it is easier to use for the
accusation of Bible corruption and the claim that the Bible
is no longer the Word of God. But the Arabic is timeless and
must be translated "is" to be faithful to the intention.
For Shakir, this might be a blunder as he is usually not translating
for hiding and/or propaganda sake. But I don't believe it is oversight
for Yusuf Ali. These are just a few; there are many such "tendentious
translations" in Yusuf Ali.
For Sura 4:47 we are given the meaning:
| Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
Arberry |
| O ye unto whom the Scripture hath been given!
Believe in what We have revealed
confirming that which you possess... |
O ye People of the Book!
believe in what We have (now) revealed,
confirming what was (already) with you, ... |
O you who have been given the Book!
believe that which We have revealed,
verifying what you have.... |
You who have been given the Book,
believe in what We have sent down,
confirming what is with you... |
Again, the three other translations translate it in present tense,
and Ali converts it into past tense for Muslim propaganda sake.
And in Surah 5:15 Yusuf Ali goes even further:
| Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
| O People of the Scripture! Now hath Our messenger come unto
you, expounding unto you much of that which ye used to hide in the
Scripture, and forgiving much. now hath come unto you light from Allah
and plain Scripture, |
O people of the Book! There hath come to you our Messenger,
revealing to you much that ye used to hide in the Book, and passing
over much (that is now unnecessary): There hath come to you from Allah
a (new) light and a perspicuous Book, - |
O followers of the Book! indeed Our Messenger has come to you
making clear to you much of what you concealed of the Book and passing
over much; indeed, there has come to you light and a clear Book from
Allah; |
Who inspired or authorized Yusuf Ali to add to the Qur'an the words
"that is now unnecessary"? There is nothing in the text
that justifies this addition. Woe to those who currupt for a small gain.
Usually it is the translation by Yusuf Ali that is distributed
for free to many non-Muslims. I am glad I got one, it is
still a helpful edition because of the many footnotes (which
are to be taken with many grains of salt just as well) giving
helpful insights in passages which I would find totally obscure
otherwise, but I wonder why it is Yusuf Ali that is chosen to
be given to inquiring Christians? Based on the above observations,
would it be wrong to get the impression that it was written with
Christians "in mind" and particularly to support Muslim attack
on their faith and scriptures?
I hope you can understand that this is approach not finding
much favor with me, nor other more knowledgable Christians.
Further examples of twisted translation using formulations
that lend itself better for attack on the Christian faith
than what the text in the Qur'an actually says, be it
on a factual or an emotional level.
In Surah al-Ma'idah 5:17 we find
|
Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
Sher Ali |
Rashad Khalifa |
| 5:17 |
They indeed have disbelieved who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. ... |
In blasphemy indeed are those that say that God is Christ the son of Mary. ... |
Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely, Allah-- He is the Messiah, son of Marium. ... |
They indeed have disbelieved who say, `Surely ALLAH - He is the Messiah, son of Mary.' .... |
Pagans indeed are those who say that GOD is the Messiah, the son of Mary. ... |
| 5:72 |
They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. ... |
They do blaspheme who say: "God is Christ the son of Mary." ... |
Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely Allah, He is the Messiah, son of Marium; ... |
Indeed, they are disbelievers who say, `ALLAH, HE is the Messiah, son of Mary,' ... |
Pagans indeed are those who say that GOD is the Messiah, son of Mary. ... |
There is no justification in the Arabic to translate "blaspheme" instead of
"disbelieve".*
The only reason to do so is to build up stronger anti-Christian emotions
in the reader. Khalifa is also off with his unjustified choice of the
word "pagans". In addition, these above two verses are interesting for
a theological problem they create.
Yusuf Ali is quite consistent in his preference for the term "blasphemy".
One more example should suffice:
|
Pickthall |
Yusuf Ali |
Shakir |
Sher Ali |
Rashad Khalifa |
|
| 2:88 |
And they say: Our hearts are hardened. Nay, but Allah hath cursed them
for their unbelief. Little is that which they believe. |
They say, "Our hearts are the wrappings (which preserve God's Word:
we need no more)." Nay, God's curse is on them for their blasphemy:
Little is it they believe. |
And they say: Our hearts are covered. Nay, Allah has cursed them on account
of their unbelief; so little it is that they believe. |
They said `Our hearts are wrapped up in covers.' Nay, ALLAH has cursed them
for their disbelief. Little is that which they believe. |
Some would say, "Our minds are made up!" Instead, it is a curse from GOD,
as a consequence of their disbelief, that keeps them from believing, except for a few of them. |
Not believing a certain claim is not the same as blaspheming.
This is deliberate and maybe even malicious mistranslation in order
to create anti-Christian sentiment in the Muslims. The same unique choice
of words against all other translators can be observed in 3:55, 4:155,
5:68, 5:103, 8:35, 10:70, 11:9, 14:28, 21:36, 39:8, 39:32, 40:42, 43:15,
43:33 ... (not all of these verses are directed against Jews and Christians,
but several are). Furthermore, blasphemy is a deliberate act of insulting
God. No Christian intentionally does so. If unintentional wrong statements
about God are counted, then Muslims constantly blaspheme by claiming that
Jesus (God incarnate) is a mere man.
However, Yusuf Ali knows that the word actually means disbelieve,
and not blaspheme, since he translates it correctly for example at
the end of Surah 5:44 "... they are unbelievers" (humu alkafiroona).
Another serious mistranslation:
Did Allah forget the wives? (Surah 52:21).
Qur'an Versions
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